Teaching in the UK: School types, year groups and class sizes for overseas teachers

If you’re an overseas-trained teacher considering work in the UK, it’s helpful to understand the structure of UK schools, how year groups are organised and what to expect in terms of class sizes. This guide focuses on the system in England, where most overseas teaching opportunities are based.

School types

The UK education system is divided into primary and secondary education, with further education and sixth form following.

• Primary school: Ages 4–11 (Reception to Year 6)
• Secondary school: Ages 11–16 (Year 7 to Year 11)
• Post-16 / sixth form/college: Ages 16–18 (Years 12 and 13 – often called Key Stage 5)

Children are placed in year groups based on their age on 31st August before the academic year begins. It is rare in the UK for students to be held back or to attend classes for higher year groups.

School years and age groups (England)

Class sizes

• Primary schools: Typically 25-30 pupils per class, especially in Reception and Key Stage 1. By law, infant class sizes (Reception to Year 2) are limited to 30 pupils per teacher in most circumstances.
• Secondary schools: Class sizes vary more, often 25–30 pupils, depending on the subject and school capacity. Core subjects like English, Maths and Science tend to have larger groups, while subjects like art or technology may be smaller.

Feel confident stepping into a UK classroom. Understanding the UK school system is just the first step. Let us help you find the perfect teaching role, secure your visa and settle in smoothly.

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